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A bearing is a device to permit constrained relative motion between two parts, typically rotation or linear movement. Bearings may be classified broadly according to the motions they allow and according to their principle of operation.
Common motions include linear/axial and rotary/radial. A linear bearing allows motion along a straight line, for example a drawer being pulled out and pushed in. A rotary bearing or thrust bearing allows motion about a center, such as a wheel on a shaft or a shaft through a housing. Common kinds of rotary motion include both one-direction rotation and oscillation where the motion only goes through part of a revolution. Other kinds of bearings include spherical bearings such as ball joints which are used in car suspensions and some computer mice.
There are at least six common principles of operation:
* sliding bearings, usually called "bushes", "bushings", "journal bearings", "sleeve bearings", "rifle bearings", or "plain bearings"
* rolling-element bearings such as ball bearings and roller bearings
* jewel bearings, in which the load is carried by rolling the axle slightly off-center
* fluid bearings, in which the load is carried by a gas or liquid
* magnetic bearings, in which the load is carried by a magnetic field
* flexure bearings, in which the motion is supported by a load element which bends.
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